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 Rõuge Suurjärv lake in Võru County, Estonia. Image: Vaido Otsar |
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___ Estonia Flag of Estonia  Location map of Estonia The former Soviet republic became independent in 1991. With an area of 45,227 km² the country is slightly larger than Denmark or slightly smaller than the U.S. states of New Hampshire and Vermont combined. Estonia has a population of 1.3 million people (in 2015). Capital and largest city is Tallinn, spoken languages are Estonian (a Finnic language; official), Russian and some Swedish and Finish. | |
Republic of Estonia | Eesti Vabariik |
Country Profile |
Background: Eastern Europe country bordering the Baltic Sea and Gulf of Finland, between Latvia and Russia. As a result of centuries of Danish, Swedish, German, and Russian rule, the idea of an independent Estonian state had already been raised in the late 19th century and came true in 1918 when Estonia attained independence from the Russian Empire. Forcibly incorporated into the USSR in 1940, it regained its freedom in 1991, with the collapse of the Soviet Union. Since the last Russian troops left in 1994, Estonia has been free to promote economic and political ties with Western Europe. Since April 2004 Estonia is a member of NATO and member of the European Union since May 2004. related countries: Finland, Lithuania, |
Official Name: Eesti Vabariik short form: Eesti int'l long form: Republic of Estonia int'l short form: Estonia former: Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic. ISO Country Code: ee, EST Time Zone: Eastern European Time (EET) Local Time = UTC +2h Actual Time: Sat-Apr-20 01:40 DST from March - October (UTC+3) Country Calling Code: +372 Capital City: Tallinn (pop. 398 500) Other Cities: Tartu (101 190); Narva (67 752); Kohtla-Jarve (46 765); Parnu (44 781); Viljandi (20 509) Government: Type: Parliamentary Democracy. Constitution: On 28 June 1992 Estonians ratified a constitution based on the 1938 model, offering legal continuity to the Republic of Estonia prior to Soviet occupation. Geography: Location: Eastern Europe, bordering Gulf of Finland and the Baltic Sea, between Latvia and Russia. Area: 45,227 km² (17,462 sq. mi.) Terrain: Estonia is a green land, forests cover around half of the country. Flat, average elevation 50m. Steep limestone banks and 1 521 islands mark the coastline. Land use: 9.5% arable land, 47,4% forest and woodland, 22% swamps and bogs, 21.5% other. Coastal waters are somewhat polluted. Climate: Temperate, with four seasons of near-equal length. People: Nationality: Estonian(s). Population: 1.3 million (2015) GNI per capita PPP: $ 16 461 (year) Ethnic groups: Estonians 65%, Russians 28%, Ukrainians 2.5%, Belarusians 1.4%, Finns 0.9%, other 2.2%. Religions: Lutheran, the Estonian Apostolic Orthodox, subordinated to Constantinople, the Estonian Orthodox, subordinated to the Moscow Patriarchate, Baptist. Languages: Estonian (eesti keel), Russian, Ukrainian, Finnish. Literacy: 99%. Natural resources: Oil shale, phosphorite, limestone, blue clay. Agriculture products: Potatoes, vegetables; livestock and dairy products; fish. Industries: Engineering, electronics, wood and wood products, textile; information technology, telecommunications. Currency: Euro Exports - commodities: machinery and electrical equipment 34%, food products and beverages 9%, mineral fuels 9%, wood and wood products 10%, metals 7%, furniture 9%, vehicles and parts 6%, chemicals 5% (2015 est.) Exports - partners: Sweden 18.8%, Finland 16%, Latvia 10.4%, Russia 6.7%, Lithuania 5.9%, Germany 5.2%, Norway 4.1% (2015) Imports - commodities: machinery and electrical equipment 28 %, mineral fuels 11%, food and food products 10%, vehicles 9%, chemical products 8%, metals 8% (2015 est.) Imports - partners: Finland 14.5%, Germany 11%, Lithuania 9%, Sweden 8.5%, Latvia 8.3%, Poland 7.4%, Russia 6.1%, Netherlands 5.5%, China 4.8% (2015) Estonia in FiguresKey statistical data of Estonia. |
 The Parliament of Estonia resides in Toompea Castle in the central part of Tallinn, the Baroque style wing of the ancient stronghold was built in 1767-1773. Image: Kaupo Kalda Political System The political system of Estonia is that of a Parliamentary Democracy. Chief of state is the president, head of government is the prime minister. The legislation body is the unicameral parliament of Estonia, the Riigikogu. The parliament appoints the Prime Minister (nominated by the president), the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court (proposed by the president), and it elects the President. Estonia is a since 1 May 2004 a member state of the European Union (EU). Official Sites of EstoniaNote: External links will open in a new browser window.Eesti Vabariigi Presidendi Kantselei Office of the Precidency of Estonia. Riigikogu The Parliament of Estonia. Estonia.eu The official gateway to Estonia. Estonian State Web Center Information on the Estonian State. Esti Välisministeerium Estonian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Diplomatic Missions Embassy of Estonia The Estonian Embassy in London. Estonia's Representations around the world Address List of Estonia's Diplomatic Missions Abroad. Foreign Representations accredited to Estonia Address List of Foreign Missions accredited to Estonia. Statistics Statistikaamet Statistical Office of Estonia. Estonia in FiguresKey statistical data of Estonia. Estonia Maps Map of EstoniaPolitical Map of Estonia.  Google
Earth EstoniaSearchable map and satellite view of Estonia. Google
Earth TallinnSearchable map and satellite view of Tallinn. Map
of the Baltic Sea AreaPolitical map of the Baltic Sea region. Map
of the Baltic StatesPolitical map of the Baltic States. Map
of EuropePolitical Map of Europe. |
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NewsEesti Ekspress Estonian News (in Estonian). Eesti Päevaleht Baltic and Estonian News (in Estonian). SL Öhtuleht Baltic and Estonian News (in Estonian). News agency Baltic News Service (BNS) The Baltic News Service, covering Baltic and Estonian news. (for subscribers only) TV/Radio Eesti Televisioon ERR News - Estonian Public Broadcasting News in English |
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Arts & Cultureculture.ee A guide to Estonian cultural events. Eesti Kirjandusmuuseum The Estonian Literary Museum, the central archive of Estonian literature and folklore. Eesti Rahva Muuseum The Estonian National Museum - Estonian heritage and culture, founded in 1909. kunstikeskus.ee Estonian contemporary visual arts portal (partly in English). |
 Tallinn - Estonia's Capital City Image: Robin Pollard |
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Business & EconomyEesti Pank - Bank of Estonia The Central Bank of the Republic of Estonia. Baltic Stock Exchanges Common index and blue chip list of the exchanges of Tallinn (Estonia), Riga (Latvia), and Lithuania. HEX Tallinn The Tallinn Stock Exchange. Invest in Estonia Estonian Investment Agency's website created for foreign investors looking for investment opportunities in Estonia. Estonian Chamber of Commerce and Industry The Estonian Chamber of Commerce and Industry was re-established in 1989, today it is the largest business representation organization in the country. __Transportation Airlines Estonian Air The Estonian national airline, with destinations in north- and central Europe and west Russia. Airport Tallinna Lennujaam Estonia's principal airport with flight schedules, arrival & departure information and other travel services (in Estonian). Port Port of Tallinn Tallinn Passenger Port is the main passenger harbour in Tallinn. Regular ferry lines serve routes to Helsinki (Finland), Stockholm (Sweden) and St. Petersburg (Russia). |
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 View of Tallinn Old Town with the Walls of Tallinn and St. Olaf's Church in background, the tallest building in the world from 1549 to 1625. Image: Julian Nitzsche Travel and Tour Consumer Information
Destination Estonia - Travel and Tour GuidesDiscover Estonia: Baltic Sea, Hiiumaa, Kihnu, Tallinn, Narva, Tartu, Saaremaa, Setomaa, Lahemaa National Park, Lake Peipsi.Accommodation, hotels, attractions, festivals, events, tourist boards, biking, hiking, cruising, tours and much more. visitestonia.com The official tourism homepage of the Estonian Tourist Board. Estonian Ecotourism Association Introduction to nature and cultural tours. Eestimaa Turismiinfo A guide to Estonia by the Estonian Rural Tourism Association. Eesti Panoraamgalerii Estonia image gallery (in Estonian). Hiiumaa An island in the Baltic Sea. Kihnu Estonia's folk island. Lahemaa National Park Forests, beaches, marshes and moorland and a rich archaeological history. Lake Peipsi Europe's fifth largest stretch of fresh water. Saaremaa island The island of Saaremaa is the second largest in the Baltic Sea. Setomaa The historical and ethnical province of the Seto people in Estonia.  Web
encyclopaedia EstonicaOffers a compact and systematic overview of Estonian society, culture, history, nature, education, science, state administration and economy. City Guides Tallinn The city of Tallinn, capital of Estonia. Narva The city of Narva at the border to Russia.. Tartu The university city of Tartu. Pärnu The "Summer Capital of Estonia". Viljandi The Hanseatic town of Viljandi.  Kesselaid, an islet located between Estonia's mainland and the island of Muhu in the Suur väin (Big Strait). Image: Ivo Kruusamägi |
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EducationEesti Humanitaarinstituut The Estonian Institute of Humanities, an independent university established in 1988. Eesti Instituut The Estonian Institute provides information material on Estonia, its culture and traditions. Eesti Rahvusraamatukogu The National Library of Estonia - The custodian of Estonias national memory and heritage. Eesti Teaduste Akadeemia Estonian Academy of Sciences, develop and represent Estonian science. Estonian Academy of Arts The former Tallinn Applied Art School, founded in 1914. Tallinna Tehnikaülikool The Tallinn Technical University, founded in 1918 as an Estonian technical institution. Tartu Ülikool The University of Tartu, largest and oldest university in Estonia, established in 1632. Tiigri Hype An Estonian national program to increase Estonian school education quality utilizing modern information and communication technology. |
 University of Tartu © visitestonia.com |
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 Tarvasjõgi river in Kõrvemaa, a Nature Park between the Harju valley and the Pandivere Upland in Estonia. Image: Ireen Trummer Environment & NatureEstonian Fund for Nature (ELF) ELF is non-governmental and independent nature protection organization, established in 1991. Estonian Green Movement-FoE One of the first environmental NGOs in Estonia. |
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HistoryEstonia History From middle age to Estonias independence in 1991. Estonian History Comprehensive information on Estonia's History by the Estonian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. History of Estonia Wikipedia articles about the country's history. |
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SearchEstonia-Wide Web Catalogue and search index. Sources and additional Information on EstoniaAmnesty International: Estonia BBC Country Profile: Estonia GlobalEDGE: Estonia The Heritage Foundation: Estonia Human Rights Watch: Estonia OEC: Estonia Reporters Without Borders: Estonia Wikipadia: Estonia The World Factbook -- Estonia |
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