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___ Finland |
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 Bay of Kirkkolahti lake at Petäjävesi, a municipality in the province of Western Finland. Image: Tiia Monto |
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 Location map of Finland Formerly a grand duchy in the Russian empire, the country became independent in 1917. Finland is since then a formally neutral country, and like Sweden not a member of NATO. Finland covers an area of 338,145 km², making it almost the size of Germany, or slightly smaller than the US state of Montana. The country's landscape offers a lot of National Parks, covered mostly with coniferous taiga forests (78%), bogs and fens, it has rarely cultivated land. About 10% of its area is occupied by lakes, rivers and ponds. Halti Mountain at 1,324 m is Finland’s highest point. A population of 5.5 million people (in 2017) making Finland one of the most sparsely populated countries in Europe, about half of the population live in the southern coastal region. Capital and largest city is Helsinki, spoken languages are Finnish (89%), Swedish (5.3%), and Sami, a language spoken by the Laplanders (Sami), the indigenous people inhabiting the Arctic area of Sápmi. |
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Republic of Finland | Republiken Finland |
Country Profile |
Background: Ruled by Sweden from the 12th to the 19th centuries and by Russia from 1809, Finland finally won its independence in 1917. During World War II, Finland was able to successfully defend its freedom and fend off invasions by the Soviet Union and Germany. In the subsequent half century, the Finns have made a remarkable transformation from a farm/forest economy to a diversified modern industrial economy; per capita income is now on par with Western Europe. As a member of the European Union, Finland was the only Nordic state to join the euro system at its initiation in January 1999. |
Official Name: Suomen tasavalta - Republiken Finland short form: Suomi - Finland int'l long form: Republic of Finland int'l short form: Finland ISO Country Code: fi, FIN Time: Time Zone: Eastern European Time Local Time = UTC +2h Actual Time: Wed-Apr-24 06:21 Daylight Saving Time (DST) March - October (UTC +3) Country Calling Code: +358 Capital City: Helsinki (pop. 560 500) Other Cities: Espoo (213 000), Tampere (195 500), Vantaa (178 500), Turku (173 000). Government: Type: Constitutional republic. Independence: 6 December 1917 (from the Russian Empire). Constitution: 17 July 1919, 1 March 2000. The new Finnish Constitution Geography: Location: Northern Europe Area: 338,145 km² (130,558 sq. mi.) Terrain: Low but hilly, more than 70% forested, with more than 60 000 lakes. Climate: Northern temperate. People: Nationality: Noun--Finn(s). Adjective--Finnish. Population: 5.5 million (2017) Ethnic groups: Finns, Swedes, Lapps, Sami, Roma, Tatars. Religions: Lutheran 89%, Orthodox 1%. Languages: Finnish 93%, Swedish 6% (both official); small Lapp- and Russian-speaking minorities. Literacy: 100% Natural resources: Timber, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, chromite, nickel, gold, silver, limestone. Agriculture products: Barley, wheat, sugar beets, potatoes; dairy cattle; fish. Industries: Metal products, electronics, shipbuilding, pulp and paper, copper refining, foodstuffs, chemicals, textiles, clothing. Exports - commodities: electrical and optical equipment, machinery, transport equipment, paper and pulp, chemicals, basic metals; timber Exports - partners: Germany 13.9%, Sweden 10.1%, USA 7%, Netherlands 6.6%, Russia 5.9%, UK 5.2%, China 4.7% (2015) Imports - commodities: foodstuffs, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, transport equipment, iron and steel, machinery, computers, electronic industry products, textile yarn and fabrics, grains Imports - partners: Germany 17%, Sweden 16%, Russia 11%, Netherlands 9.1%, Denmark 4.1% (2015) Currency: Euro (EUR) |
 The Parliament House in Helsinki is the seat of the Parliament of Finland. Image: Alexey Reshetnikov Official Sites of FinlandNote: External links will open in a new browser window.Republiken Finlands President The President of the Republic of Finland. Finnish Government The Finnish Government's web site. Suomen Eduskunta The Parliament of Finland. Valtioneuvoston The Finnish Council of State. Suomi.fi - A gateway to public services Suomi.fi provides access to public sector services. It contains links to the Internet pages maintained by government organisations and agencies and municipal authorities. Suomen ulkoasiainministeriö The Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland. Diplomatic Missions Permanent Mission of Finland to the United Nations Finland's Permanent Mission to the UN, New York. Embassy of Finland in the U.S. Washington D.C. Finnish Diplomatic Missions Abroad List of Finnish Embassies, Permanent Representations and Special Representations and other Diplomatic Missions. Foreign Embassies and Consulates in Finland List of Foreign Diplomatic Representations in Finland. Statistics Tilastokeskus Statistics Finland Weather Ilmatieteen laitos The Finnish Meteorological Institute. MapsMap of FinlandPolitical Map of Finland.  Google
Earth FinlandSearchable map and satellite view of Finland. Google
Earth HelsinkiSearchable map and satellite view of Helsinki. Map
of the Baltic Sea AreaPolitical map of the Baltic Sea region. Map of ScandinaviaPolitical Map of Scandinavia. Map
of EuropePolitical Map of Europe. |
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Finland NewsThe Finnish government was the first in the world to make broadband internet access a legal right in 2009. Today Finland has one of the highest rates of internet penetration in the European Union. Ranked first in the World Press Freedom Index for the past five years, in the 2017 Index Finland has been replaced on the top spot by Norway.Helsingin Sanomat International Edition. NewsRoom Finland Daily news updates. Finnish News Agency STT News from Finnish News Agency STT English language headline news. Finnish Newspapers Association With Links to Finnish Newspapers. Radio/TV YLE Radio Finland The Finnish Broadcasting Company (yle), is the national public-broadcasting company, founded in 1926. |
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Arts & Culture This is FinlandThings you should and shouldn't know. Finnish Design Guide to Finnish Design of today. Finnish sauna society Hot! Site offers information on all you ever want to know about the Finnish Sauna. Leningrad Cowboys All about the band with the international recognized bad taste in music. Due to a system failure their site is not available, read more about the Leningrad Cowboys in this Wikipedia article. Stupid
Finnish AdvertisementsWith translations and commentary. Ijahis idja Indigenous peoples music festival in Inari, Finland's largest, most sparsely populated municipality, located in Lapland. Siida A Window into Sámi Culture and Arctic Nature. Museum The Finnish Museums Association The central organization of the museums in Finland. The Finnish National Gallery The Museum of Contemporary Art The National Board of Antiquities The National Board of Antiquities Preserves Finland's Material Cultural heritage. The National Museum of Finland Finnish history from before Stone Age to the present day. Others Eurovision The European Song Contest. Finland has participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 50 times. Finland won the contest in 2006. |
 Cover of the 2011 studio album by the Leningrad Cowboys. |
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 West Harbour is a passenger and cargo harbour in the Jätkäsaari district of Helsinki, the capital city of Finland. Image: Diego Delso Business & EconomySuomen Pankki Bank of Finland with information on the Finnish economy and banking supervision. Hex Oyj Information on trading in Finnish stocks, derivatives, and mutual funds. Central Finland Chamber of Commerce Helsinki Chamber of Commerce Contact Finland A guide to Finnish Business Services, Organisations and Authorities. __Finnish Products Nokia Connecting not only Finnish People. __Transportation Airline Finnair Finland's Airline. Rail VR Passenger Service Finnish Railways. Port Port of Helsinki The Port of Helsinki is the main harbor for foreign trade and passenger traffic services in Finland. Ferries Silja Line Ferry line. Viking Line Ferry line. Bus Expressbus Routes cover the whole Finland, Stockholm in Sweden, Vyborg and St. Petersburg in Russia. |
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 Saana fell (one of the highest fells in Finland) near Kilpisjärvi at Ala-Kilpisjärvi lake in Enontekiö, Lapland. Image: Simo Räsänen Travel and Tour Consumer Information
Destination Finland - Country GuidesDiscover Finland: Åland (); Kilpisjärvi (); Koli (famous for its tree-covered hill scenery); Levi (Ski resort in Kittilä); Luostarinmäki (open-air museum in Turku with original 18th-century and early 19th-century buildings); Olavinlinna (15th-century castle in Savonlinna); Ranua Wildlife Park (northernmost zoo in the world); Rukatunturi (low-level ski resort in Kuusamo); Suomenlinna (18th century inhabited sea fortress and a UNESCO World Heritage Site); Santa Claus Village (Year-round Christmas in Rovaniemi, hohoho!); Saramo (); Siida (Sámi Museum on Lake Inari); Turku Castle (13th-century castle) Utö island (small island in the Baltic Sea);  Pieni Karhunkierros Trail, Oulanka National Park Image: Timo Newton-Syms National Parks Hiidenportti National Park (wilderness with canyons and a prehistorical sacred place in Kainuu); Lemmenjoki National Park (in Lapland); Linnansaari National Park (in Savonia); Pyhä-Luosto National Park (in Lapland); Pallas-Yllästunturi National Park (in the Lapland region); Oulanka National Park (in the Northern Ostrobothnia region); Repovesi National Park (); Riisitunturi National Park (); Urho Kekkonen National Park (in Lapland) The Official Travel Guide of Finland Official site of the Finnish Tourist Board with information about Finland as a tourist destination. Visit Finland with an Online Travel Guide. this is Finland - Virtual Finland A portal to Finland with comprehensive information on the country by Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland. Åland Åland Islands Travel Guide to the islands of Åland. City Guides Helsinki Helsinki Helsinki City Tourist & Convention Bureau provides tourism information for Helsinki. Other Cities: Espoo Espoo is Finland's second largest city. Tampere Site of the City of Tampere, third largest city in Finland. Vantaa Vantaa's official site. Turku Finlands Christmas City. Saami  SámediggiThe Saami Parliament in Finland. Sami Radio What happens in the Sami community. Saami Council The Saami Council is a voluntary Saami organization (NGO), with Saami member organizations in Finland, Russia, Norway and Sweden.  Färjsundet strait from Höga C tower in Finström, Åland, Finland Image: Tomáš Klíma |
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EducationCIMO Discover Finland The Finnish National Agency for Education provides information about education, training and youth issues in Finland. Helsinki School of Economics and Business Administration Helsinki University of Technology Official site of the largest, oldest and most diversified university of technology and architecture in Finland. University of Helsinki Finland's largest university. Lapin yliopisto The University of Lapland with Faculties for Art and Design, Business and Tourism, Education, Law and Social Sciences. University of Oulu Official site of this science and learning institution. University of Vaasa A multidisciplinary, business-oriented university in the city of Vaasa. |
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Environment & Naturewww.environment.fi Official site of Finland's environmental administration. Metsähallitus Metsähallitus is a state enterprise whose main tasks are to supply wood to the forest industry and manage most of Finland's protected areas. Nature & the Environment Virtual Finland about Nature & the Environment of Finland. Finland's National Parks Site with information on Finland's 35 national parks. Finnish Nature League The Finnish Nature League is an environmental NGO dealing with mainly national level environmental problems. NorNet NorNet is the co-operation network of the northern Finnish environmental researchers of the University of Oulu and the Finnish Environmental Administration, the umbrella organisation for Finnish Environment Research institutions like: Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute (RKTL) Game and Fisheries. Finnish Forest Research Institute (METLA) Forests Geological Survey of Finland (GTK) Geoscientific information and services. SYKE Finnish Environment Institute. |
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HistoryHistory Comprehensive site about Finland's History by Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland. Main outlines of Finnish history Article about Finland's past. |
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FinlandInformation and facts about Finland. Sources and additional Information on FinlandBBC Country Profile: Finland Finland Basic Facts FAO: Finland GlobalEDGE: Finland The Heritage Foundation: Finland Human Rights Watch: Finland OEC: Finland Reporters Without Borders: Finland Wikipedia: Finland The World Factbook -- Finland |
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